 |
| Constitution of India |
The Constitution of India, the world's lengthiest written constitution with 448 articles is the supreme law of India. The constitution of our country was adopted on 26 November 1949 by the Constituent assembly of India and it became effective on 26 January 1950, making our country the Republic of India from the Dominion of India.
 |
| B R Ambedkar |
The constitution of India was drafted by the constituent assembly. B.R. Ambedkar was the chairman of the drafting committee, he is regarded as its chief architect, he is also considered as "the Father of the Constitution of India".
The constitution declaring India a sovereign, socialist, democratic republic, assures its citizen justice equality and liberty. Thus, it empowers us with many rights which we must know as an aware citizen of the country. Here is the list of some of our important constitutional rights and duties.
* Article 15 (1) - The state shall not discriminate against any citizen on grounds only of religion, race, cast, sex, place of birth or any of them.
* Article 16 (1) - There shall be equality of opportunity for all citizens in matter relating to employment or appointment to any office under the state.
* Article 17 - "Untouchability" is abolished and its practice in any form is forbidden. The enforcement of any disability arising out of "untouchability" shall be an offence punishable in accordance with law.
* Article 19 (1) - All citizens shall have the right-
(a) to freedom of speech and expression;
(b) to assemble peaceably and without arms;
(c) to form associations or unions;
(d) to move freely throughout the territory of
India;
(e) to reside and settle in any part of the territory of India;
(f) omitted
(g) to practice any profession or to carry on any occupation, trade, or business;
* Article 20 (1) - No person shall be convicted of any offence except for violation of a law in force at the time of the commission of the Act charged as an offence, nor be subjected to a penalty greater than that which might have been inflicted under the law in force at the time of the commission of the offence.
* Article 21 - No person shall be deprived of his life or personal liberty except according to procedure established by law.
* Article 21 A - The state shall provide free and compulsory education to all children of the age of six to fourteen years in such manner as the state may, by law, determine.[Right to Education]
* Article 22 (1) - No person who is arrested shall be detained in custody without being informed.
* Article 24 - No child below the age of fourteen years shall be employed to work in any factory or mine or engaged in any other hazardous employment.
* Article 25 (1) - Subject to public order morality and health and to other provisions of this part, all persons are equally entitled to freedom of conscience and the right freely to profess, practise and propagate religion.
* Article 39 - The state shall in particular, direct its policy towards securing -
(a) that the citizens, men and women equally, have the right to an adequate means of livelihood;
(b) that the ownership and control of the material resources of the community are so distributed as best to subserve the common good;
(c) that the operation of the economic system does not result in the concentration of wealth and means of production to the common detriment;
(d) that there is equal pay for equal work for both men and women;
(e) that the health and strength of workers, men and women, and the tender age of children are not abused and that citizens are not forced by economic necessity to enter avocations unsuited to their age or strength;
(f) that children are given opportunities and facilities to develop in a healthy manner and in conditions of freedom and dignity and that childhood and youth are protected against exploitation and against moral and material abandonment.
* Article 39 A - The state shall secure that the operation of legal system promotes justice, on a basis of equal opportunity, and shall, in particular, provide free legal aid, by suitable legislation or schemes or in any other way, to ensure that the opportunities for securing justice are not denied to any citizen by reason of economic or other disabilities.
* Article 51 A - It shall be the duty of every citizen of India-
(a) to abide by the constitution and respect its ideals and institutions, the national flag and national anthem;
(b) to cherish and follow the noble ideals which inspired our national struggle for freedom;
(c) to uphold and protect the sovereignty, unity and integrity of India;
(d) to defend our country and render national service when called upon to do so;
(e) to promote harmony and the spirit of common brotherhood amongst the people of India transcending religious, linguistic and regional or sectional diversities; to renounce practices derogatory to the dignity of woman;
(f) to value and preserve the rich heritage of our composite culture;
(g) to protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers, and wildlife and to have compassion for living creatures;
(h) to develop the scientific temper, humanism and the spirit of inquiry and reform;
(i) to safeguard public property and to abjure violence;
(j) to strive towards excellence in all sphere of individual and collective activity so that the nation constantly rises to higher levels of endeavour and achievement;
(k) who is a parent or a guardian to provide opportunities for education to his child or, as the case may be, ward between the age of six and fourteen years.
 |
| Constitution of India |
Some unknown Facts about the Constitution of India -
* The Indian constitution is the lengthiest constitution of any sovereign country in the world.
* The constitution of India was not typed or printed, but it was handwritten by Prem Behari Narain Raizada that too in a flowing italic style.
* Each page of originally handwritten constitution was uniquely decorated by artists from Shantiniketan.
* The original copies of the constitution of India are stored in special helium filled cases in library of the parliament of India.
* The constitution was published in Dehradun and photolithographed by the survey of India.
* The Indian constitution was influenced and inspired by the constitutions of many other countries of the world like United States, United Kingdom, France, Canada, Australia, Germany, Soviet Union, Japan etc. It has borrowed provisions from the constitutions of these countries.
* The constitution was adopted by the constituent assembly of India on 26 November 1949, this day is celebrated as the Law day or Constitution day in India.
As a citizen of India we must be aware of our constitutional rights and follow our constitutional duties. Hope all this information will be helpful for you.
STAY SAFE, STAY AWARE.
Post a Comment